Characterization of native Trichoderma spp. and their antagonistic potential against binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A associated with strawberry black root rot
Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, cilt.145, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 145
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.pmpp.2026.103347
- Dergi Adı: Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Binucleate rhizoctonia AG-A, Biological control, Black root rot, Multilocus phylogeny, Strawberry, Trichoderma spp
- Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A is a major pathogen of black root rot in strawberry, leading to severe root necrosis and plant mortality. This study surveyed strawberry rhizosphere soils in Türkiye to obtain native Trichoderma spp. and evaluated their antagonistic activity against binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A. A total of 180 isolates (171 from soil and 9 from roots) were obtained and classified into 11 species using multilocus sequencing of the ITS, tef1 , rpb2 gene regions, with T. harzianum, T. koningii, and T. gamsii being the predominant species. Dual-culture assays demonstrated substantial variability in antagonistic activity among Trichoderma isolates against the highly virulent SR43 isolate of binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A, where 39 isolates achieving complete mycelial inhibition. Based on in vitro performance, five representative isolates exhibiting the highest inhibition rates from each major species ( T. gamsii ST88, T. spirale ST48, T. harzianum ST39, T. koningii ST26, and T. atroviride ST32) were selected for pot trials. Under controlled conditions, T. harzianum and T. spirale reduced disease severity by 82.35%, compared to a commercial T. harzianum (T22; 74.5%) and approaching phosphorous acid (88.23%). These results showed that Trichoderma species significantly improved the root length and shoot fresh weight of strawberry plants, while no significant effects were observed on root biomass. This study reports the occurrence of various native Trichoderma species, including T. arundinaceum , detected for the first time in Türkiye, in strawberry rhizospheres and demonstrates that selected Trichoderma isolates could effectively suppress binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-A. These findings support the potential integration of native Trichoderma strains into sustainable disease management strategies for strawberry cultivation.