Development, reliability, and validity of Father–Toddler Interaction Multiaxial Assessment Scale.

Karabekiroğlu K. M. Z., Cöngöloğlu A., Şahin B., ÇIKILI UYTUN M., YÜRÜMEZ E., YALIN SAPMAZ Ş., ...Daha Fazla

Journal of Family Psychology, 2026 (SSCI, Scopus) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1037/fam0001433
  • Dergi Adı: Journal of Family Psychology
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Scopus, Child Development & Adolescent Studies, CINAHL, Education Abstracts, Educational research abstracts (ERA), Gender Studies Database, MEDLINE, Psycinfo, Violence & Abuse Abstracts, Social Sciences Abstracts
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: father–toddler, Father–Toddler Interaction Multiaxial Assessment, interaction, mother–toddler
  • Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Father–Toddler Interaction Multiaxial Assessment (FTI-MAXA), designed to evaluate and rate the quality of father–toddler interaction. Two trained raters assessed 105 children aged 13–40 months (27.28 ± 6.7) and their fathers using a Likert-type scale (1 = very poor, 5 = very good) across 10 items: physical involvement, affective expressiveness, pleasure, responsiveness, reciprocity, joint attention, nonintrusiveness, adaptive flexibility, support, and acceptance. Each father and child pair was rated on three dimensions: involvement, reciprocity, and flexibility–acceptance. In addition, Brief Infant/Toddler Social Emotional Assessment Scale (BITSEA), Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC), Parent–Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale, Brief Symptom Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and Child Attachment Pattern were applied to the fathers. The internal consistency of FTI-MAXA total scores—of both scorers—was found to be excellent (Cronbach's α was.92,.96 for fathers and.98,.98 for children). Interpersonal reliability of FTI-MAXA scores was excellent for fathers and children (p <.001). FTI-MAXA-father subscores were negatively correlated with the child's ABC-total scores and positively correlated with BITSEA-competence scores. FTI-MAXA-child subscores showed positive correlation with BITSEA-competence scores and negative correlation with ABC scores. These findings underscore the validity and reliability of the FTI-MAXA, which offers dependable global ratings of father–toddler interactions in a laboratory setting. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved)