Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Turk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, cilt.72, sa.3, ss.255-262, 2015 (Scopus)
RNA interference (RNAi) is defined as silencing of gene after transcription (post-transcriptional gene silencing), when double stranded RNA (dsRNA) steps into the cell and cause degradation of endogenic complementary mRNA, or regulation of gene expression process. During RNA is mechanism, complementary sequence of target mRNA connects to sense strand of mRNA by factor of RISC. Gene silencing mechanism is controlled by RISC factor with a mass of 500 kDa which is RNA multi protein complex with nuclease activity. Silencing is occurred by cutting of mRNA, which is interacting with Argounate protein on RISC factor, with Dicer enzyme. This silencing mechanism is natural and takes a position in defending genome and biological function of organisms from invasion of movable genetic material such as viral hereditary material and transposons. RNAi mechanism realized with two kinds of molecules in eukaryotic organisms. These are miRNA (microRNA) which is 22 bp and siRNA (small interfering RNA) which is 21-23 bp. In recent years RNAi has become prominent research area in science world. Several information were achieved with researches of RNAi such as determining function of genes, host-pathogen interaction, reproduction, apoptosis (programmed cell death) and tumorgenesis etc. Also, determined with RNAi researchs that; non-coding RNA plays role in controlling of tissue development and differentiation, signal transduction, interaction with phytohormone, responses of abiotic (drought, salinity etc.) or biotic (pathogens etc. ) stress. As a conclusion, this review will try to explain base of RNAi mechanism and usage in plants.