A novel environmental pollutant thiophanate-methyl fungicide detection in milk samples by quartz crystal microbalance nanosensor based on molecularly imprinting polymer and sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide nanomaterial

Harmankaya S., Deveci H. A., Harmankaya A., Gül F. H., Atar N., YOLA M. L.

Microchimica Acta, cilt.192, sa.11, 2025 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 192 Sayı: 11
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s00604-025-07599-8
  • Dergi Adı: Microchimica Acta
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Aerospace Database, Analytical Abstracts, Aqualine, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), Biotechnology Research Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Communication Abstracts, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, Metadex, Pollution Abstracts, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Molecularly imprinting, Quartz crystal microbalance, Thiophanate-methyl
  • Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

The purpose of this study was the development of a sensitive quartz crystal microbalance sensor based on a sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide nanomaterial and molecularly imprinting polymer for thiophanate-methyl determination in milk samples. For this aim, the sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide nanomaterial was firstly prepared by using a facile Hummers method with a high product yield. Then, a thiophanate-methyl–imprinted quartz crystal microbalance chip based on sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide was accomplished by UV polymerization by the mixture including N,N′-azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linker, and methacryloylamidoglutamic acid as a monomer. The spectroscopic and microscopic methods were applied to confirm the presence of the nanocomposite and the reliability of the sensor preparation procedure. As a result, the prepared quartz crystal microbalance sensor exhibited linearity in the range 1.0 × 10−9–1.0 × 10−8 M with a detection limit of 3.3 × 10−10 M in milk samples. A quartz crystal microbalance technique with high sensitivity, selectivity, repeatability, reusability, and reproducibility was prepared for thiophanate-methyl determination in this study.