Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Turk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, cilt.69, sa.4, ss.235-253, 2012 (Scopus)
Environmental pollution poses a significant problem in the world. Remediation techniques used in areas exposed to metal pollution has a high cost. The use of biological molecules rather than physical and chemical methods for the removal of metals from industrial waste is an alternative and very effective method. Applications of biological molecules for the removal of metals include biosorption, adsorption and phytoremediation methods. Biosorption, is the uptake of metal ions from aqueous environments by the biomass. Dissolved substances on the surface of biosorbent biomass should pass through the film of its surrounding liquid solvent. Biosorption condition is required to some optimal conditions for process. Biosorption method is affected by physicochemical factors such as the metal ion type, amount and type of biomass, concentration, temperature and pH of the solution. Adsorption is unite with surface that molecules to the surface come into contact by pulling forces. Phytoremediation is an environmental of reclamation technology by using plants biological materials. Today, organic and inorganic sustances in the polluted areas that contaminated with metals could be cleaned by using plant biological materials through the phytoremediation technology. The most important advantages of phytoremediation technique is that it provides appropriate/custom treatment in the same areas and this tecnique does not require extra energy. In addition, phytoremediation technique does not damage natural resources and it is highly accepted by the general public. Addition to these advantages, phytoremediation technique allows only the purification water, soil and sediment in shallow areas. Another disadvantage of phytoremediation tecnique does not show the effectiveness of plants in too heavy levels contaminated areas as soon as possible. For this reason, phytoremediation technique can only be used in the areas with low levels of contamination. Thus, the biological materials (bacteria, fungi, lichens and plants) will be achieved through these methods, which can be made a cost-effective and easy, for removal of metal pollution. By these methods, which are cost effective and easily manipulated, because of the usage of the biological materials, the removal of metal pollution becomes possible.