Artificial intelligence-optimized gypsum-based composites for stealth technology: Integrating high strength performance and radar absorption
DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY, cilt.59, ss.19-35, 2026 (SCI-Expanded)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 59
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.dt.2025.11.004
- Dergi Adı: DEFENCE TECHNOLOGY
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED)
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.19-35
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Artificial bee colony algorithm, Gypsum, Machine learning optimization, Multifunctional composites
- Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
The demand for lightweight, high-performance materials with electromagnetic shielding capability is increasing, particularly in aerospace, defense, and infrastructure applications. This study introduces a novel gypsum-based composite system enhanced with carbon black (CB), magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), boron nitride (BN), and hybrid glass-basalt fibers to simultaneously improve mechanical strength and electromagnetic wave absorption. A limited experimental dataset of 13 formulations was extended to 260 using physics-consistent data augmentation. Multi-objective optimization was then performed using the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm to maximize compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths while minimizing return loss in the 8-12 GHz (X-band) range. The optimized formulation (85% gypsum, 15% resin, 6.8% CB, 18.5% Fe 3 O 4 , 2% BN, 1% glass fiber, 0.5% basalt fiber) achieved 34.41 MPa compressive strength (+6.1%), 7.71 MPa flexural strength (+5.3%), and 4.45 MPa splitting tensile strength (+5.7%). Simultaneously, the minimum return loss improved from - 22.5 to -24.8 dB, resulting in an enhancement of electromagnetic absorption by 10.2% at 9.72 GHz. Validation tests confirmed the model's accuracy within a 1.35% margin of error. This hybrid methodology, which combines experimental science, AI-driven data expansion, and bio-inspired optimization, offers a scalable and costeffective route to multifunctional composite design. The findings are directly relevant for radarabsorbing structures, EMI shielding in electronics, and smart civil infrastructure. (c) 2025 China Ordnance Society. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).