Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
15th International Congress on Agricultural Mechanization and Energy in Agriculture, ANKAgEng 2023, Antalya, Türkiye, 29 Ekim - 01 Kasım 2023, cilt.458 LNCE, ss.199-216, (Tam Metin Bildiri)
Due to climate change and increasing energy prices worldwide, it has become necessary to use greenhouses more efficiently and to spread production throughout the year. The aim of this study is to investigate the possibilities of using semi-enclosed or fully enclosed greenhouse technologies that can replace traditional modern greenhouses. In line with this goal, greenhouse technologies that could provide a solution between traditional greenhouses and semi-closed greenhouse concepts are being explored in Turkey. Given that Turkey’s climatic conditions are much more favorable compared to many other countries, controlling traditional modern greenhouses using semi-closed techniques is seen as a viable solution under desired conditions. This technique, especially applicable to plastic greenhouses, could extend the production process in greenhouses to 345 days. In addition to designing greenhouses with a semi-enclosed technology during the installation phase, it is also important to adapt existing greenhouses to meet this concept. Data related to the creation of necessary parameters and the determination of transition phases to formulate control algorithms for domestically developed systems with multi-climate or poly-climate techniques in Turkey are being evaluated within the scope of this study. The effects of energy efficiency and product quality of the greenhouse operating with the Multi climate technique, which was installed in the province of Mersin (covering an area of 5000 m2), have been evaluated under both classical greenhouse and semi-closed greenhouse conditions. The establishment of an appropriate climate for plant growth and development in greenhouses is achieved by controlling variables such as temperature, relative humidity, and sunlight within the greenhouse. In traditional greenhouses, the climate is constantly changing due to external factors like sunlight, temperature, humidity, rain, and more. Excess energy accumulation is managed to a limited extent through strategic activation of ventilation or cooling systems. Semi-closed greenhouses exhibit significant differences in control methods and operational techniques. Particularly, the positive pressure within the greenhouse is the most distinctive feature that alters the control approach. Positive pressure inside the greenhouse is achieved using electronically controlled fans. Additionally, heating-cooling coils coupled with these fans allow for climate control within the greenhouse. Another key distinction of semi-closed greenhouses is that they require a smaller area for roof ventilation windows compared to traditional greenhouses. These significant differences also offer important advantages in greenhouse control techniques. Controlled air exchange between the interior of the greenhouse and the climate corridor also facilitates energy savings. Controlled air inlet and outlet allow for homogeneous profiles of horizontal and vertical temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration to be obtained.