Nano-hydroxyapatite-mediated arsenic immobilization and species-specific detoxification responses in sunflower and maize
Plant and Soil, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s11104-026-08986-7
- Dergi Adı: Plant and Soil
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Environment Index, Geobase, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Biological Science Database (ProQuest), Biomedical Reference Collection: Corporate Edition (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Arsenic immobilization, Bioavailability reduction, Crop stress mitigation, Nano-hydroxyapatite, Phosphate–arsenate competition, Soil remediation
- Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Background and Aims: Arsenic (As) contamination threatens agricultural productivity and food safety. Due to its strong affinity for arsenate, nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) was evaluated as a soil amendment to reduce As toxicity and improve the growth of maize and sunflower. Methods: Nano-hydroxyapatite was synthesized and characterized using SEM, FTIR, and XRD analyses before and after As adsorption. Maize and sunflower were grown under control, As, and As + nHAP treatments. Results: SEM analysis confirmed nanosized (44–56 nm), porous, and highly reactive nHAP particles. FTIR and XRD results indicated structural stability after As adsorption and evidence of arsenate interaction with phosphate groups. In maize, As concentration increased from 0.13 to 3.70 mg kg−1 under As stress and decreased to 2.80 mg kg−1 with nHAP. In sunflower, As levels rose from 0.14 to 26.9 mg kg−1 and were reduced to 19.4 mg kg−1 by nHAP. Dry weight in maize decreased from 92.3 to 59.1 g pot−1 under As but increased to 80.1 g pot−1 with nHAP. In sunflower, biomass reduction was less pronounced and not significantly improved by nHAP. Phosphorus concentration increased in maize from 1.34 to 1.83 mg kg−1 under As + nHAP treatment, while changes in sunflower were not significant. FTIR spectra confirmed mitigation of As-induced biochemical stress, particularly in carbohydrate, protein, and lipid-related functional groups. Conclusion: Nano-hydroxyapatite effectively reduced As uptake and alleviated toxicity in plants, particularly in maize, while enhancing P availability. These results suggest strong potential for nHAP as a soil amendment for As immobilization and crop protection.