Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Turk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, cilt.79, sa.4, ss.784-801, 2022 (Scopus)
Autacoids are substances that released locally from cells with various stimuli to elicit normal physiological responses and lose activity in a very short time providing local communication between adjacent cells in the organism. Disproportion in their synthesis, release or transmission contribute significantly to pathological conditions such as inflammation, allergy, hypersensitivity, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. These messenger molecules participate in all physiological and pathological processes, and assume very important roles in inflammation. Autacoids, which take part in different stages or types of inflammation, work both as a trigger and as a regulator. These substances mediate the communication network of the cells involved in the inflammation, enabling the organism to eliminate the damaged/foreign/harmful factor. Either autacoids can be found in immune cells as storage or enzymes whose activity or expression increase with inflammatory stimulus can also synthesize them. According to their chemical structure, autacoids are classified in groups of gaseous (NO, H2S, CO), lipid (prostaglandins, leukotrienes, lipoxins, PAF), peptide (angiotensins, kinins, Substance P, endothelins, natriuretic peptides), amine (histamine, serotonin) and protein autacoids (cytokines) and they can be secreted from many cells in the inflammation. There are various differences in acute and chronic inflammation in terms of both the types of autoacoids involved and the inflammatory cells that synthesize them. However, how much of these molecules are secreted from each cell during the process has not been revealed in real time yet. While they are secreted under the dominance of neutrophils and macrophages in the acute stage, lymphocytes and macrophages take over the secretory function according to the type of inflammation in the chronic stage. Despite the use of many drugs as enzyme inhibitors, receptor antagonists / agonists or analogues in the treatment of inflammation, intensive studies are underway to develop new drugs, which will be more selective, highly effective and have less side effects. The aim of this review was to discuss autacoids involved in inflammation in the context of participating cells and inflammatory processes and to evaluate their situation as a drug target in inflammation.