Wing geometry as a tool for studying the population structure of dwarf honey bees (Apis florea Fabricius 1876) in Iran

KANDEMİR İ., Moradi M. G., Ozden B., Ozkan A.

JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH, vol.48, no.4, pp.238-246, 2009 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 48 Issue: 4
  • Publication Date: 2009
  • Doi Number: 10.3896/ibra.1.48.4.03
  • Journal Name: JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Page Numbers: pp.238-246
  • Keywords: Apis florea, geometric morphometry, wing shape, landmark, multivariate analysis, MULTIVARIATE MORPHOMETRIC-ANALYSIS, MELLIFERA L., AFRICAN, CERANA, IDENTIFICATION, HYMENOPTERA, DIVERSITY, NUCLEAR, SHAPE, SIZE
  • Ankara University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

We studied the population structure of Apis florea using geometric morphometrics of wing shape. We found that the populations from different states were significantly (P<0.001) different for both fore and hind wings. Populations from Hormuzgan State were significantly (P<0.001) different from the rest of the states for hind wings. Based on the fore wing shape, all populations were significantly (P<0.001) different. Out of 40 cartesian coordinates, 13 were significantly (P<0.05) different amongst the group. Discriminant Function Analysis resulted in clear separation of groups when fore wing shape were used, but hind wings failed to separate the groups. Only samples from Hormuzgan State were clearly separated from the other states when the hind wings were used as the discriminating variables. Wing deformations were visualized in thin plate splines and the highest deformations were seen in pairs with samples from Hormuzgan State. Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis resulted in a total of 26 significant correlograms and most of these were clinal type autocorrelograms showing gradual changes from southeast to northwest direction.