Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Milli Egitim, cilt.1, sa.198, ss.110-125, 2013 (Scopus)
Within the Ottoman Empire at classical period of which religious education prevailed mostly among all Ottoman citizens, education was not considered to have common and massive features but organized as a traditional facility implemented for Muslims in madrasahs and sibyan (Children ) schools for male and for non-Muslims in venuesfor education of the religion and/or religious orders they belong to. In that period, education was mainly related to its function of reproduction of traditional denomination positions. In the first innovation period, on th other hand, with the westernization movements, western type education providing military schools were started tobe added over traditional educational institutions. Within this Period, problems at the military and administration areas was considered to be solved and the system itself be restored by growing up competent soldiers and managers via new educational institutions. Newly opened western type schools were successful in terms of growingup enlightened and statesmen who might become effective in reform processes, but problems at the military and administrative level were continued by increasing. While the Ottoman's Renovation initiated at the military level andexpanded in a way to include administration level during the Administrative Reforms Period, became a comprehensive modernization project, a number of initiatives were commenced within the country on improving education at institutional and administrative levels. During this Period, new educational institutions were opened by taking educational improvements in the West as examples; a new system to be expanded throughout the country was targeted to be established and a special focus was given on establishing central institutions to administer this system.