Oil-bearing rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) cultivation and rose oil sector in Türkiye
Acta Horticulturae, cilt.1461, ss.187-196, 2026 (Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Özet
- Cilt numarası: 1461
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.17660/actahortic.2026.1461.21
- Dergi Adı: Acta Horticulturae
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Scopus
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.187-196
- Anahtar Kelimeler: citronellol, geraniol, oil-bearing rose, quality, rose oil
- Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
The oil-bearing rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) is the leading fragrant rose species for essential oil, widely cultivated in Türkiye (notably Isparta, Burdur, Afyonkarahisar, Denizli) and Bulgaria. Global annual rose oil production is around 5.0-5.5 t. In 2024, Türkiye harvested 19,318 t of fresh roses from 4,137 ha, yielding 4,670 kg ha-1. Rose oil output rose by 133.56% since 2015, reaching 2,120 kg in 2024, with additional byproducts like 13,000 kg rose concretes and 2,100 kg rose absolutes. Beyond essential oils, roses are also used in food, medicine, and cleaning products. Harvesting occurs from May to early July, depending on altitude (800-1,600 m) and climate. Turkish standards (TS 1040:1971) specify major components such as citronellol (36.5-54.6%), geraniol (7.8-23.5%), nerol (4.6-10.2%), methyl eugenol (1.2-3.3%), nonalaldehyde (0.6-2.0%), citronellal (0.4-1.2%), linalool (1.1-3.1%), citronellyl acetate (1.3-1.9%), citral (1.6-2.0%), geranyl acetate (1.5-2.0%), eugenol (0.0-0.8%), ethanol (0.2-0.9%), β-phenylethanol (1.2-1.9%) and farnesol (0.2-1.6%). This study summarizes oil rose cultivation, extraction processes, chemical composition, and product applications in Türkiye.