Toxin components and toxicological importance of Galerina marginata from Turkey

AKATA I., Yilmaz I., KAYA E., COŞKUN N. C., Donmez M.

TOXICON, cilt.187, ss.29-34, 2020 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 187
  • Basım Tarihi: 2020
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.08.017
  • Dergi Adı: TOXICON
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Aerospace Database, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Communication Abstracts, EMBASE, Environment Index, MEDLINE, Metadex, Pollution Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.29-34
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Amanitin, Phallotoxin, Galerina marginata, RP-HPLC, LC-ESI-MS/MS, AMANITA-PHALLOIDES, FERMENTATIVE PRODUCTION, AMATOXINS, PHALLOTOXINS, TISSUES
  • Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Amatoxins, most of which are hepatotoxic, can cause fatal intoxication. While mushrooms in the amatoxin-containing Galerina genus are rare, they can poison humans and animals worldwide. Few studies have profiled the toxicity of Galerina marginata. In addition, many studies indicate that macrofungi can have different characteristics in different regions. In this study, the quantities of toxins present in G. marginata from different provinces in Turkey were analysed using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (RP-HPLC-UV) and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). G. marginata samples were collected from three different regions of Turkey. The taxonomic categorization of mushrooms was based on their micro- and macroscopic characteristics. The presence of toxins alpha-amanitin (AA), beta-amanitin (BA), gamma-amanitin (GA), phalloidin (PHD) and phallacidin (PHC) quantities were measured using RP-HPLC-UV and then were confirmed using LC-ESI-MS/MS. BA levels were higher than AA levels in G. marginata mushrooms collected from all three regions. Moreover, the levels of GA were below the detection limit and no phallotoxins were detected. This is the first study to identify and test the toxicity of G. marginata collected from three different regions of Turkey using RP-HPLC-UV. This is also the first study to confirm the UV absorption of amatoxins in G. marginata using LC-ESI-MS/MS, which is a far more sensitive process. More studies evaluating the toxicity of G. marginata in other geographic regions of the world are needed.