Does smoking influence tryptophan metabolism in periodontal inflammation? A cross-sectional study

ÖNDER C., Akdoğan N., KURGAN Ş., BALCI N., Serdar C. C., SERDAR M. A., ...Daha Fazla

Journal of Periodontal Research, cilt.58, sa.5, ss.1041-1051, 2023 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 58 Sayı: 5
  • Basım Tarihi: 2023
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1111/jre.13166
  • Dergi Adı: Journal of Periodontal Research
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, CINAHL, Veterinary Science Database
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1041-1051
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: kynurenine pathway, periodontitis, smoking, INDOLEAMINE 2,3-DIOXYGENASE EXPRESSION, LANGERHANS CELLS, SERUM TRYPTOPHAN, TOBACCO SMOKING, DENDRITIC CELLS, KYNURENINE, NEOPTERIN, DISEASE, MARKERS, SALIVA
  • Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the effects of smoking and periodontal inflammation on tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism as well as the correlation between these findings and clinical periodontal parameters. Background: It has been shown that the tryptophan amino acid's primary catabolic pathway, the kynurenine pathway (KP), may serve as a key biomarker for periodontal disease. Although there are studies investigating the effect of smoking on KYN-TRP metabolism, the effect of smoking on periodontal disease through KP has not been revealed so far. Methods: The salivary and serum samples were gathered from 24 nonsmoker (NS-P) stage III, grade B generalized periodontitis and 22 smoker (S-P) stage III, grade C generalized periodontitis patients, in addition to 24 nonsmoker (NS-C) and 24 smoker (S-C) periodontally healthy control individuals. Saliva and serum IL-6, kynurenine (KYN), and tryptophan (TRP) values, and KYN/TRP ratio were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Clinical periodontal measurements were recorded. Results: Salivary TRP values were significantly higher in both periodontitis groups than control groups (p <.05). Salivary KYN values were highest in NS-P group (p <.05). Salivary KYN values did not differ significantly between periodontitis groups (p =.84). Salivary KYN/TRP ratio was significantly lower in NS-P group compared to other groups (p <.001). Serum TRP value is higher in S-P group than other groups; however, significant difference was found in S-C group (p <.05). Serum KYN values were significantly lower in smokers than nonsmokers. Serum KYN/TRP ratio is higher in NS-P group. NS-P group has the highest salivary IL-6 levels, NS-C group has the lowest values (p <.05). Conclusions: Our results point out that smoking exacerbates inflammation in the periodontium and increases TRP destruction and decreases IDO activity by suppressing KP in serum. As a result, kynurenine and its metabolites may be significant biomarkers in the link between smoking and periodontal disease.