Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi, cilt.27, sa.1, ss.51-60, 1998 (Scopus)
In the urinary bladder, ATP is a excitatory neuromuscular transmitter, possibly a cotransmitter with acetylcholine from postganglionic parasympathetic nerves, which activates P(2x)-purinoceptors. The synthesis of prostaglandines is closely linked to the activation of P(2x)-purinoceptors, and these compounds make a significant contribution to non-cholinergic responses. Many neuropeptids, such as NPY, VIP, somatostatin, SP and CGRP are found in nerve innervating the lower urinary tract, but it is unlikely that any is neuromuscular transmitter in the detrusor: rather, they may act as potent modulators of sympathetic and parasympathetic transmission. Modulatory actions are shown by GABA par excellence: this compound is also well represented in vesicular neurons and via activation of GABA(A)- or GABA(B-) receptors, can potentiate or inhibit parasympathetic transmission. Although not discussed in depth in this review, the urinary bladder shows extraordinary plasticity in expression of nerves and of their neurotransmitters and receptors under pathophysiological conditions, including pregnancy and ageing as well as disease states. Finally, the accessibility of the urinary bladder and the enormous range of chemoreceptors that it possess has led to its being used extensively for pharmacological investigations of transmitter and drug receptors and their subclasses.