Investigation of the effect of grain size on liquefaction potential of sands

Sonmezer Y. B., Akyuz A., KAYABALI K.

GEOMECHANICS AND ENGINEERING, vol.20, no.3, pp.243-254, 2020 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 20 Issue: 3
  • Publication Date: 2020
  • Doi Number: 10.12989/gae.2020.20.3.243
  • Journal Name: GEOMECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), Compendex
  • Page Numbers: pp.243-254
  • Keywords: liquefaction, liquefaction energy, cyclic simple shear test, sand, mean grain size, effective stress, relative density, ENERGY-BASED EVALUATION, STATIC LIQUEFACTION, SILTY SAND, RESISTANCE, GRADATION, MIXTURES, MODEL
  • Ankara University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Due to the permanent damage to structures during earthquakes, soil liquefaction is an important issue in geotechnical earthquake engineering that needs to be investigated. Typical examples of soil liquefaction have been observed in many earthquakes, particularly in Alaska, Niigata (1964), San Fernando (1971), Loma Prieta (1989), Kobe (1995) and Izmit (1999) earthquakes. In this study, liquefaction behavior of uniform sands of different grain sizes was investigated by using the energy-based method. For this purpose, a total of 36 deformation-controlled tests were conducted on water-saturated samples in undrained conditions by using the cyclic simple shear test method and considering the relative density, effective stress and mean grain size parameters that affect the cumulative liquefaction energy. The results showed that as the mean grain size decreases, the liquefaction potential of the sand increases. In addition, with increasing effective stress and relative density, the resistance of sand against liquefaction decreases. Multiple regression analysis was performed on the test results and separate correlations were proposed for the samples with mean grain size of 0.11-0.26 mm and for the ones with 0.45-0.85 mm. The recommended relationships were compared to the ones existing in the literature and compatible results were obtained.