Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences, cilt.30, sa.3 SUPPL., 2010 (SCI-Expanded)
Pharmacogenetics is the field of study dealing with the impact of genetic factors on individual variation in drug response. These individual variations may vary from life-threatening adverse reactions to the lack of therapeutic efficacy. It is known that many factors such as age, weight, sex, the underlying disease and drug interactions may effect drug response. However, genetic factors account for 15-30% of individual variation in drug response and for certain drugs or drug groups this may increase up to 95%. The effect of genetic factors is due to the variations in the genes encoding the enzymes and proteins such as metabolizing enzymes, transporters, channel proteins or the target protein itself which are involved in pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of the drug. Prior knowledge of this genetic information which is specific for each individual may make it possible to use the most appropriate drug in minimum dose with maximum efficacy and minimum adverse effects in the treatment of that individual. Therefore, pharmacogenetic testing prior to the treatment can make it possible to predict the most appropriate drug doses that are mostly determined on a trial-and-error basis, and to decrease the frequency and the severity of adverse reactions. In this review, pharmacogenetic examples for some drugs which are currently in common use and for most of which genetic testing was approved by the FDA are presented. © 2010 by Türkiye Klinikleri.