Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
IEEE Sensors Journal, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
This study presents a low-cost, intensity-modulated, polymer optical fiber (POF)-based, three-dimensional displacement sensor (3D-DS) system. The proposed structure uses a single-fiber reflective configuration for each axis, with transmitted and reflected light traveling through the same path. The complex “double-curved” response characteristic observed in dual-fiber sensors is eliminated. The system can simultaneously track displacement along the x-, y-, and z-axes using a mechanically modular transmitter module (TM) and reflector module (RM) architecture. Experimental results demonstrated a broad 0–12 mm monitoring range with an average sensitivity of 0.055 mV/μm, high compliance with the inverse square law (ISL) in the 4–10 mm range (R2 = 0.997; 0.062 mV/μm), a linear operating window in the 6–8 mm range (R2 = 0.986; 0.034 mV/μm; 50 μm resolution), and a highly linear optimized window in the 6.5–7.5 mm range (R2 = 0.996; 0.033 mV/μm; 10 μm practical resolution). The repeatability (SD) remained below 3% on all axes, confirming the system’s mechanical and optical stability. These results demonstrate that the proposed 3D-DS system is a simple-to-align, multi-axis sensing platform with a favorable cost-to-functionality balance, rather than a direct replacement for premium single-axis metrology sensors. The proposed system is a practical and reliable sensor platform for structural health monitoring, robotic positioning, and biomechanical motion measurement.