The Impact of First-Trimester Vitamin D Levels On Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Eastern Journal of Medicine, cilt.31, sa.2, ss.366-372, 2026 (Scopus, TRDizin)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 31 Sayı: 2
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.5505/ejm.2026.13245
- Dergi Adı: Eastern Journal of Medicine
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Scopus, EMBASE, TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM), Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Biomedical Reference Collection: Corporate Edition (EBSCO), Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest), Pharma Collection (ProQuest)
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.366-372
- Anahtar Kelimeler: First Trimester, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Insulin Resistance, Pregnancy, Vitamin D Deficiency
- Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
- Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
This study aims to investigate the association between first-trimester vitamin D levels and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a Turkish population. A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 458 pregnant women who attended antenatal screening at the University Medical Faculty Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology between March 2018 and December 2019. Vitamin D levels were measured during the first trimester, and GDM was diagnosed using a two-step oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) approach between 24-28 weeks of gestation. Statistical analyses, including binary logistic regression, were performed to compare vitamin D levels and other variables between women with and without GDM. Of the 458 participants, 9.8% were diagnosed with GDM. The mean age and body mass index (BMI) were significantly higher in the GDM group compared to the non-GDM group (p<0.001). Despite a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency (86% and 97.4%, respectively), no significant difference was found in the vitamin D levels between women with GDM and those without (p>0.05). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, age (OR: 1.076, p=0.040) and BMI (OR: 1.094, p=0.006) were identified as independent risk factors for GDM, whereas first-trimester vitamin D levels were not associated with GDM risk (p=0.617). The study did not find a significant relationship between first-trimester vitamin D levels and the development of GDM after adjusting for confounding factors. The high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the population, along with universal vitamin D supplementation, may have influenced these findings. Further prospective studies with larger sample sizes are needed to clarify the potential role of vitamin D in GDM development in different populations.