Early Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Infants Receiving Positive Pressure Ventilation at Birth: A Comparison with Healthy Controls DOĞUMDA POZİTİF BASINÇLI VENTİLASYON UYGULANAN BEBEKLERİN ERKEN NÖROGELİŞİMSEL SONUÇLARININ SAĞLIKLI KONTROLLERLE KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

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Güngör M. T., Kılıç M. B., Sincar F., Erol S. Ö., BAYRAM Ö., Geyik C., ...Daha Fazla

Journal of Kirikkale University Faculty of Medicine, cilt.28, sa.2, ss.334-340, 2026 (Scopus, TRDizin)

Özet

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate early neurodevelopmental outcomes in term infants who required only positive pressure ventilation at birth and had no need for advanced resuscitation or clinical signs of encephalopathy. Material and Methods: This retrospective, single-center, case-control study included 34 infants born at ≥37 weeks of gestation who received only positive pressure ventilation at birth and 35 healthy controls of similar gestational age. Infants requiring intubation, chest compressions, or epinephrine were excluded. Infants with asphyxia, clinical encephalopathy, therapeutic hypothermia, major congenital anomalies, chromosomal, genetic, or metabolic disorders were also excluded. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition, including cognitive, language, and motor domains. Results: A total of 69 infants were included. Infants who received positive pressure ventilation had significantly lower total raw scores, scaled scores, and composite scores in cognitive domains compared with controls. In the motor domain, fine motor and gross motor total raw scores were also significantly lower in the study group. No significant differences were found between the groups in language-related parameters. Cognitive developmental delay was detected in 7 infants (20.6%) in the study group, whereas none of the controls had cognitive delay. Motor developmental delay was observed in 9 infants (26.5%) in the study group and in 1 infant (2.9%) in the control group. Severe developmental delay, visual impairment, or hearing loss was not detected in any infant. Conclusion: Term infants who require only positive pressure ventilation at birth and do not show clinical signs of encephalopathy may still demonstrate early neurodevelopmental vulnerability, particularly in cognitive and motor domains. Structured neurodevelopmental follow-up after discharge may be important for this group.