Methacrylated-κ-carrageenan/hydroxyapatite composite bioinks for extrusion-based bioprinting: Physicochemical, rheological, mechanical, and in vitro biological investigations

Kansız S., Vurat M. T., Parmaksız M., Elçin A. E., Elçin Y. M.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, cilt.316, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 316
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.144745
  • Dergi Adı: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, BIOSIS, Biotechnology Research Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, EMBASE, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, INSPEC, Veterinary Science Database
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: 3D-bioprinting, Composite bioink, Extrusion bioprinting, Nanocomposite hydrogel, Κ-Carrageenan
  • Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Composite hydrogels are of interest in modulating the rheological properties of bioinks for extrusion-based 3D-bioprinting. In this study, new composite bioinks composed of different levels of methacrylated κ-carrageenan (κ-Car-L-MA, κ-Car-M-MA, and κ-Car-H-MA) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) were prepared and evaluated for extrusion-based 3D-bioprinting applications, focusing on printability, mechanical and physicochemical properties. The methacrylation degree and incorporation of HAp were found to significantly affect the printing performance of bioinks. Semi-quantitative printability assessment revealed that κ-Car-M-MA and κ-Car-M-MA-HAp bioinks exhibited optimal printability. The mechanical behavior of the bioinks appeared to depend on the methacrylation degree, which affects compressive modulus and toughness. Bioprinting studies were conducted to create a bilayer model using human adipose-derived stem cells and an almost two-fold increase in cell viability in the printed constructs was observed on the seventh day of culture. The findings suggest that the developed bioink composition demonstrates significant potential for 3D-bioprinting-based biomedical applications.