The K-dwarfs survey – I. Four validated planets from the radius valley to the Neptune desert

Morello, G.; Peláez-Torres, A.; Pozuelos, F.J.; Dévora-Pajares, M.; Murgas, F.; de Leon, J.P.; Rojas-Ayala, B.; Bieryla, A.; Barkaoui, K.; YALÇINKAYA, SELÇUK; BAŞTÜRK, ÖZGÜR; Rackham, B.V.; Burgasser, A.; Pallé, E.; Narita, N.; Varas, R.; Amado, P.J.; García, N; Bonilla-Mariana, I.; Calatayud-Borras, Y.; Esparza-Borges, E.; Fernández-Rodríguez, G.; Fukuda, I.; Fukui, A.; García-Serra, A.; Geraldía-González, S.; González-Rodríguez, J.; Hayashi, Y.; Ikuta, K.; Isogai, K.; Kawai, Y.; Kawauchi, K.; Klagyivik, P.; Korth, J.; Lacedelli, G.; Libotte, F.; Livingston, J.H.; Montañés-Rodríguez, P.; Mori, M.; Orell-Miquel, J.; Parviainen, H.; Sánchez-Benavente, M.; Watanabe, N.; Collins, K.A.; Schwarz, R.P.; Stockdale, C.; Wilkin, F.P.; Zambelli, R.; Everett, M.E.; Ciardi, D.R.; Clark, C.A.; Lund, M.B.; Timmermans, M.; Ducrot, E.; Hooton, M.J.; Pedersen, P.P.; Burdanov, A.; Triaud, A.H.M.J.; de Wit, J.; Horta, F; Domènech-Rams, G.; Herrero, E.; Lopesino, J.; Demory, B.O.; Gillon, M.; Chew, Y; Khandelwal, A.; Lendl, M.; Marcano, M; Plauchu-Frayn, I.; Queloz, D.; Schroffenegger, U.; Lang, F; Kielkopf, J.F.; Osborn, H.P.; Krenn, A.; Alibert, Y.; Wilson, T.; Deline, A.; Fortier, A.; Maxted, P.F.L.; Günther, M.N.

doi:10.1093/mnras/stag183

The K-dwarfs survey – I. Four validated planets from the radius valley to the Neptune desert

Morello G., Peláez-Torres A., Pozuelos F., Dévora-Pajares M., Murgas F., de Leon J., ...Daha Fazla

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, cilt.549, sa.3, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)

Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
Cilt numarası: 549 Sayı: 3
Basım Tarihi: 2026
Doi Numarası: 10.1093/mnras/stag183
Dergi Adı: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Aerospace Database, Applied Science & Technology Source, Compendex, INSPEC, zbMATH, Directory of Open Access Journals, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Technology Collection (ProQuest)
Anahtar Kelimeler: methods: observational, planets and satellites: detection, planets and satellites: fundamental parameters, techniques: high angular resolution, techniques: photometric, techniques: spectroscopic
Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Sub-Neptune-sized exoplanets are the most common class discovered by transit surveys, yet their detailed exploration has just begun. Their demographics have inspired models of planetary formation and evolution, though the sample is naturally biased toward the predominance of M-dwarf systems, which provide more favourable observing conditions. We aim to validate the planetary nature of four candidates identified by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) orbiting K-dwarf stars: TOI-2133.01, TOI-5734.01, TOI-5938.01, and TOI-7009.01. We used photometric, spectroscopic, and high-resolution imaging data from the TESS Follow-up Observing Programme with well-established and cutting-edge tools for validating the planetary nature of the candidates. We validate all four candidates and determine their system parameters. TOI-2133 b and TOI-5734 b lie near the upper edge of the radius valley, while TOI-5938 b and TOI-7009 b are at the boundary of the Neptune desert, making them rare additions to the known sub-Neptune population. The planets are suitable for precise mass measurements and atmospheric characterization with current facilities, making them benchmark targets for testing formation and evolution models around K-dwarf hosts, a population less accessible than the typical M-dwarf systems.