What Does the Most Celebrated and Pioneer Ottoman Physician, Sanizade Mehmed Ataullah Efendi, Say on Anatomy, Physiology, Diseases, and Surgery of the Urinary System? A Glance at <i>Hamse</i>-<i>i</i> <i>Sanizade</i> or <i>Kanun</i>-<i>i Sanizade</i>

Balat A., ACIDUMAN A.

EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION, cilt.21, ss.22-27, 2023 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 21
  • Basım Tarihi: 2023
  • Doi Numarası: 10.6002/ect.iahncongress.06
  • Dergi Adı: EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED)
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.22-27
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Hamse-i Şanizade, History of medicine, History of nephrology, Urinary system, Şanizade Mehmed Ataullah Efendi
  • Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Objectives: Hamse-i Sanizade (Khamse Shani-zade) is the most important work of Sanizade Mehmed Ataullah Efendi (1769 or 1771-1826), an Ottoman kadi (qa.i), physician, historian, polymath, and polyglot, about medicine and consists of 5 books. The first book, Mir. at al- ebdan fi teshri. a. da. al-insan, is on anatomy. The second book, Usul al-tabia, deals with physiology, while the third, Mi yar al-etibba, mentions diseases and their treatments. These books were published together in Istanbul in 1820. A fourth book, Qanun al-cerra.in, published in Cairo after his death in 1828, discusses surgical treatments of diseases. A fifth book, Mizan al-edviye, is a pharmacopeia. In this study, we examined the information about urinary system anatomy, physiology, diseases, and their medical and surgical treatments in Hamse-i Sanizade. Materials and Methods: We examined the first 3 books and the fourth book. The relevant passages were translated into English after being transliterated into the contemporary Turkish alphabet. Results: In the first book, kidney anatomy is discussed under the heading "fi teshrih al-kula" and bladder anatomy under "fi teshrih al-methane." In the second book, the formation and excretion of urine are explained in different headings. In the third book, kidney inflammation and its treatment are discussed, with kidney and bladder stones and their medical treatments explained in detail. Finally, the types and treatments of urinary retention are discussed, with types, causes, symptoms, prognosis, and surgical treatments of bladder stones written in detail. Conclusions: In the Ottoman Empire, Hamse-i Sanizade is regarded as one of the first gateways to the West in the field of medicine. It was instrumental in modernizing Ottoman-Turkish medicine and contains and reflects the state-of-the-art knowledge of the time regarding the anatomy, physiology, diseases, and medical and surgical treatments of the urinary system.