Harvest Time-Dependent Variation in Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of ‘Şire’ Grape (Vitis vinifera L.)
Applied Fruit Science, cilt.68, sa.4, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 68 Sayı: 4
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s10341-026-01910-4
- Dergi Adı: Applied Fruit Science
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Environment Index, Food Science & Technology Abstracts
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Cultivar, Organic acid, Phytochemical composition, Ripening stage, Vitamin C
- Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different harvest times on phenolic compounds, organic acids, sugars, vitamin C content, and antioxidant capacity of ‘Şire’ grapes cultivated under Diyarbakır ecological conditions. Methods: Grape samples were collected at three harvest times, representing early, mid, and full maturity stages. Organic acids, sugars, vitamin C, and individual phenolic compounds were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant capacity was determined with the 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation decolorization assay. Data were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. Results: Harvest time had a significant effect on most phytochemical parameters (p < 0.05). The highest antioxidant capacity was observed at the mid-harvest stage. Vitamin C content was highest at early harvest, whereas glucose concentration was lowest at mid-harvest. Citric and tartaric acids increased with advancing maturity, while malic acid showed a temporary decrease. Individual phenolic compounds, including catechin, rutin, and chlorogenic acid, exhibited significant variations across harvest times, with early and late harvest stages generally showing higher concentrations. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that harvest timing plays a crucial role in determining the phytochemical quality and antioxidant potential of ‘Şire’ grapes. Mid-harvest appears to be optimal for maximizing antioxidant activity, whereas early harvest is favorable for preserving vitamin C content. These findings provide valuable information for optimizing harvest strategies and improving the nutritional and functional quality of ‘Şire’ grapes and related products.