The concept of leisure holds a significant place in individuals' social lives, influenced by cultural, economic, and social structures. The perception and utilisation of leisure have varied across societies depending on their ways of life, production processes, and social structures. In Turkish society, the understanding of leisure has undergone various transformations throughout history. From the traditional and religiously oriented practices of the pre-Republican period to the state-driven policies of the Republican era, leisure has evolved in line with modernisation movements and contemporary approaches. This study examines the historical and social evolution of the concept of leisure in Turkish society, analysing its pre-Republican characteristics, the changes it underwent during the modernisation process of the Republican period within the framework of state policies, and its impact on the social structure throughout this transformation.