Integers, cilt.25, 2025 (Scopus)
In this paper, we present a combinatorial interpretation of Leonardo p-numbers in terms of colored linear tilings and provide combinatorial proofs for several identities involving them. We further explore the incomplete and hyper Leonardo p-numbers, presenting their combinatorial interpretations. Additionally, we present a combinatorial interpretation of the Lucas-Leonardo p-numbers, closely related to Leonardo p-numbers, in terms of colored circular tilings and investigate their combinatorial properties. Finally, we introduce hyper Lucas-Leonardo p-numbers and establish connections with their incomplete counterparts.