Miniaturized CRPA Design for GPS Receivers with 0.3 λ Spacing and Hybrid Coupling Reduction
Electronics (Switzerland), cilt.15, sa.11, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 15 Sayı: 11
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.3390/electronics15112352
- Dergi Adı: Electronics (Switzerland)
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Aerospace Database, Compendex, INSPEC, Technology Collection (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: coupling reduction, CRPA miniaturization, GPS, isolation
- Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
This study explores the miniaturization of the Controlled Reception Pattern Antenna (CRPA) for Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, addressing the challenge of mutual coupling, which adversely affects antenna performance. In this work, a miniaturized CRPA is designed and manufactured by using Rogers RO3006 substrate. To provide a performance benchmark, a four-element reference CRPA array was also designed with a 0.5 λ inter-element spacing, yielding an overall aperture size of 149.58 mm × 150.24 mm and a worst-case inter-element isolation larger than 14.4 dB. For the miniaturized CRPA, the target inter-element spacing was set to be 0.3 λ. To overcome isolation limitations, several coupling-mitigation techniques were developed and integrated into the miniaturized design. The final configuration consisted of a four-element CRPA, with each element rotated by 90° relative to its neighbor, inter-element slots incorporated into the shared ground-plane, and an individual ground plane segmentation to reduce surface–wave coupling. The proposed miniaturized CRPA achieved an overall footprint of 104.21 mm × 104.55 mm with the worst-case isolation exceeding 18.36 dB, surpassing the isolation performance of the reference array. This work demonstrates that it is possible to realize a compact CRPA with enhanced inter-element isolation by integrating tailored coupling suppression methods.