Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
BRATISLAVA MEDICAL JOURNAL, cilt.126, sa.11, ss.2885-2892, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
BackgroundThe suprascapular artery holds a crucial role in the complex anatomy of the upper limb and shoulder region. Due to the frequency of its anatomical variations, it must be carefully considered in clinical and surgical procedures. Accurate assessment of its location during surgical planning can help prevent complications and plays a vital role in preserving shoulder function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the trajectory of the suprascapular artery from its origin, its passage through the posterior aspect of the scapula, and its relationships with surrounding structures.Materials and methodsThe study was conducted on 26 cadaveric shoulder specimens (13 cadavers). Among these cadavers, 2 were female and 11 were male. The suprascapular artery was identified, and the following parameters were recorded: its origin pattern, relationship with the brachial plexus, branching pattern while passing through the shoulder region, its length up to the suprascapular notch, and its course beyond the notch.ResultsThe artery most commonly originated from the thyrocervical trunk (65.38%; 17/26). When the artery did not arise from the thyrocervical trunk, it coursed between the superior and medial cords. If it originated from the thyrocervical trunk, it passed superior to the plexus. At the suprascapular notch, in all specimens, the nerve traveled beneath the ligament. In four specimens (23.52%; 4/17), the artery accompanied the nerve beneath the ligament, whereas in the remaining specimens, it was located superior to the ligament. The paired veins exhibited varying trajectories; in 19 cases (73.07%), one vein passed beneath the ligament while the other coursed superiorly. Beyond the foramen, the artery was observed to give branches supplying the rotator cuff muscles, scapula, and associated joints, allowing for a detailed vascular mapping of the region.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the suprascapular artery is a critical vascular structure for the nourishment of the cervical and scapular regions. Injuries along its course may impact its functional integrity. Understanding the origin and trajectory of the artery is essential for recognizing arterial pathologies, even though they may not be commonly encountered. This study not only identified variations in its origin but also elucidated its course and branching pattern. Additionally, its close anatomical relationship with the brachial plexus and its branches was demonstrated. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the region and valuable insights for approaching related pathologies.