Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Nutrition & Food Science, cilt.56, sa.1, ss.51-64, 2026 (ESCI)
comprehensively assess adults’ food label reading habits and expectations.
Design/methodology/approach – The FLAS was developed based on a literature review and expert input.
Initial item generation was followed by expert evaluations for content and face validity. Data were collected
through structured face-to-face interviews using the preliminary version of the FLAS and a sociodemographic
questionnaire. A total of 300 adults aged 20–65 years participated. Food label awareness was assessed based
on the three subdimensions: (1) product packaging and ingredients, (2) nutrition and health and (3) product
brand. In addition, participants’ age, gender and education level were recorded. Cronbach’s alpha assessed
internal consistency. Reliability was supported by comparing the highest and lowest 27% of total scores.
Associations between demographics and subdimension scores were tested using appropriate statistical
methods.
Findings – The finalized 18-item FLAS demonstrated a three-factor structure with acceptable model fit and
internal consistency. Older adults had higher awareness of packaging and ingredients. Lower education was
associated with greater reliance on product brand.
Research limitations/implications – A primary limitation is the geographically restricted sample, which
may limit the generalizability of the findings.
Originality/value – This study is original in developing a valid and reliable scale specifically measuring
adults’ awareness of food label reading – an area less explored in the literature, which mostly emphasizes
general nutrition knowledge or label reading frequency.
Keywords Food labeling, Health, Consumer behavior, Awareness, Psychometrics