Engineering the biochar surfaces through feedstock variations and pyrolysis temperatures

AKÇA M. O., ACAR BOZKURT P., Gokmen F., AKÇA H., DENİZ YAĞCIOĞLU K., UYGUR V.

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS, cilt.218, 2024 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 218
  • Basım Tarihi: 2024
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.118819
  • Dergi Adı: INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Aerospace Database, Biotechnology Research Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, Communication Abstracts, Compendex, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, INSPEC, Metadex, Veterinary Science Database
  • Ankara Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

The production of biochar (BC) from agricultural wastes has gained significant interest for efficient waste management with carbon sequestration benefits. In this study, sunflower straw (SF, Helianthus annuus L.), tea factory by-product (TW, Camellia sinensis L.) and tomato green waste (TGW, Solanum lycopersicum L.) were pyrolysed at temperatures ranging from 300 to 700 degrees C under N2 at a rate of 10 degrees C min-1 and a residence time of 2 h. The pyrolysis temperatures and feedstock types significantly influenced the BC properties. For example, the specific surface area (SSA) of SFBC and TWBC increased from 2.53 to 18.7 m2 g-1 and 2.37-6.52 m2 g-1, respectively, up to 600 degrees C, while TGWBC increased continuously up to 22.5 m2 g-1. SFBC and TGWBC had the highest mineral ash content (37.4 % and 52.1 %), while TWBC had the highest volatile matter (VM) (72.1 %) at 700 degrees C. Furthermore, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that PC1 was primarily associated with mineral elements, featuring loadings ranging from 0.605 to 0.968, with a negative loading of -0.923 for VM. In contrast, PC2, indicative of pyrolysis temperature, exhibited loadings related to H/C (-0.866), yield (-0.788), fixed carbon (FC) (-0.786), O/C (-0.795) and P (0.711). This study suggests that by carefully selecting the herbaceous feedstock and pyrolysis temperature, BC can be produced with specific engineering properties tailored to specific requirements.