Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Heart Failure Reviews, cilt.12, sa.1, ss.58-65, 2007 (SCI-Expanded)
Despite the significant developments in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, diabetic patients still continue to suffer from cardiac complications. The increase of cardiac adrenergic drive may ultimately contribute to the development and progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy. β-Adrenoceptors play an important role in the regulation of heart function. However, responsiveness of diabetic heart to β-adrenoceptor agonist stimulation is diminished. The chronotropic responses mediated by β1-subtype, which is mainly responsible for cardiac effects of catecholamines are decreased in the atria of diabetic rats. The expression of cardiac β1-subtype is significantly decreased in diabetic rats as well. β2-Adrenoceptors also increase cardiac function. Although the expression of this subtype is slightly decreased in diabetic rat hearts, β2-mediated chronotropic responses are preserved. On the other hand, functional β3 -adrenoceptor subtype was characterized in human heart. Interestingly, stimulation of cardiac β3-adrenoceptors, on the contrary of β1- and β2-subtypes, mediates negative inotropic effect in human ventricular muscle. Cardiac β3-adrenoceptors are upregulated in experimental diabetes as well as in human heart failure. These findings suggest that each β-adrenoceptor subtype may play an important role in the pathophysiology of diabetes-induced heart disease. However, it is still not known whether the changes in the expression and/or responsiveness of β-adrenoceptors are adaptive or maladaptive. Therefore, this review outlines the potential roles of these receptor subtypes in cardiac pathologies of diabetes. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007.