Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY & ANIMAL SCIENCES, sa.4, 2024 (SCI-Expanded)
Tetanus is a life-threatening bacterial disease in humans and many animal species caused by the neurotoxin tetanospasmin produced by Clostridium tetani. . Antitoxins obtained from horses and humans are primarily used to treat this disease. However, there are several clinical side effects and disadvantages associated with the use of these antitoxins. Current techniques for diagnosing tetanus use monoclonal antibodies produced in mice. These antibodies have several advantages, such as their homogeneity and specificity. In contrast, a notable feature of polyclonal antibodies, especially egg yolk antibodies, i.e. immunoglobulin-Y (IgY), extracted from poultry, is that they can be generated in greater quantities than mammalian antibodies (IgG). In this study, 22-week-old chickens were immunized with C. tetani toxoid and adjuvant (Freund's complete and incomplete adjuvants) via injection into the chest muscle. The immunization process was completed by administering two booster injections at 4-week intervals. Total antibody titers were observed to reach their highest level in the serum of blood samples taken 14 days after the last immunization. IgY antibodies were isolated noninvasively from the eggs of immunized and nonimmunized chickens using the polyethylene glycol (6000) extraction protocol. Immunological analyses confirmed that the purified IgY antibodies were produced specifically for the C. tetani toxoid. The specific tetanus antibodies obtained in this study may be valuable therapeutic tools as alternatives to current treatments for tetanus in humans and domestic animals.