Sometimes it is just Brucella


Arga G., Bako D., Çakmak Taşkın E., Konca H. K., İnceli B. H., Penezoğlu D. N., ...More

XV. International Turkish Spine Congress, İzmir, Turkey, 24 - 27 May 2023, pp.243-244, (Summary Text)

  • Publication Type: Conference Paper / Summary Text
  • City: İzmir
  • Country: Turkey
  • Page Numbers: pp.243-244
  • Ankara University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Aim: Spinal involvement is the most common musculoskeletal manifestation of brucellosis, which is very common in adults more than 50 years of age in endemic regions. Brucellosis of the spine is rare among children. Few studies on pediatric spinal brucellosis have been published. It also aims to create awareness among all health care professionals, especially spine surgeons.

Method: Case 1:A 15-year-old male patient living in Van, Turkiye applied to our clinic with complaints of low back and hip pain and inability to walk for 1 month. He had a history of falling from height 3 months ago. He had constitutional symptoms such as loss of appetite, weight loss, and fever. On physical examination, there was painful lumbar range of motion. There were significant paravertebral muscle spasms at the bilateral lower lumbar level and significant scoliosis. Spinal MRI was performed, and an appearance compatible with spondylodiscitis was detected (Figure 1). Consumption of raw or unpasteurized animal milk, a history of contact with infected animals or animal products, and a family history of brucellosis were present in the patient. Coombs Brucella agglutination test was positive at 1/2560 titer. All clinical and radiological findings regressed with gentamicin for 2 weeks, doxycycline and rifampicin for 6 months.

Results: Case 2:A 15-year-old male patient living in Van, Turkiye is admitted with back pain for 5 days and limping in his left leg. He was limited by pain upon ambulation and reported intermittent fevers without bladder/bowel incontinence or upper extremity symptoms. Overall, he was grossly neurologically intact. Spinal MRI revealed an appearance compatible with spondylodiscitis and a small epidural abscess (Figure 2). There was a history of consumption of raw or unpasteurized animal milk and contact with infected animals or animal products. She had not previously received treatment for brucellosis. Brucella spp. grew in blood culture. Coombs Brucella agglutination test was positive at 1/5120 titer. Surgical drainage was not performed. All clinical and radiological findings regressed with gentamicin for 2 weeks, doxycycline and rifampicin for 6 months.

Conclusion: Nonspecific back pain is the main presenting symptom of spondylodiscitis, but its lack of specificity often leads to delays in diagnosis and treatment, which can prove to be permanently disabling or even fatal as the management of brucellar spondylodiscitis is time-sensitive. Health care professionals should have high suspicion for brucellosis in children presenting with back pain with or without neurological deficits, with or without constitutional symptoms, especially in endemic region.