Research Information System
Açıkgöz H. N. (Executive), Dağlıoğlu N., Bucuka Ş.
Project Supported by Higher Education Institutions, 2024 - 2025
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate or gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is an endogenous molecule found in the central nervous system (CNS) and tissues of mammals. Structurally related to the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), GHB is present in the human brain as a metabolite of GABA. Endogenous GHB concentrations can be detected in biological samples such as hair, blood, and urine, and these concentrations may vary depending on factors such as sex, age, and population. The forensic significance of GHB lies in its dual nature: it is a naturally produced substance in the body and also a drug with a potential for abuse. The endogenous presence of GHB in all individuals complicates the interpretation of analytical results, as even samples from non-users may yield positive results. In forensic cases, distinguishing between exogenous GHB intake and endogenous levels in samples such as hair, blood, and urine is critical. In this master's thesis project, hair samples collected from 73 healthy individuals over the age of 18 with no history of substance use within the Turkish population. These samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to determine endogenous GHB levels. This thesis represents the first study investigating endogenous GHB levels in the Turkish population. The analysis revealed that endogenous GHB concentrations ranged between 0.965 and 5.434 ng/mg, with a mean value of 1.857 ± 0.860 ng/mg. The association between endogenous GHB levels and factors such as age, sex, and smoking status was statistically evaluated. No significant differences were observed in endogenous GHB levels between male and female participants or between smokers and non-smokers. However, statistically significant differences were detected among age groups, specifically between individuals aged 18–29, 30–50, and over 50 (p< 0.05).